Magnetic Field & Magnetism Converter - Educational Tools & Live Data

From

Common Magnetic Field Strengths

1 T = 10,000 G

Basic conversion

50 μT = 500 mG

Earth's magnetic field

1.5 T = 15,000 G

MRI machine

0.3 T = 3,000 G

Neodymium magnet

From

🔬 Electromagnetic Theory & Fundamentals

Maxwell's Equations & Magnetism

Magnetism is fundamentally described by Maxwell's equations, which unify electricity and magnetism:

∇ × B = μ₀J + μ₀ε₀ ∂E/∂t

This shows how magnetic fields (B) are created by electric currents (J) and changing electric fields (E).

Interactive Field Visualization

Click buttons above to visualize different magnetic field configurations

📚 History of Magnetism Discovery

600 BC

Ancient Greeks discover magnetism in lodestone (magnetite)

1269

Petrus Peregrinus writes first scientific treatise on magnetism

1600

William Gilbert publishes "De Magnete," proving Earth is a giant magnet

1820

Hans Ørsted discovers electromagnetic induction

1831

Michael Faraday formulates Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction

1865

James Maxwell unifies electricity and magnetism with Maxwell's equations

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Medical Imaging

MRI scanners use 1.5-3T fields

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Maglev Trains

Magnetic levitation transport

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Data Storage

Hard drives & magnetic tape

🔊

Audio Equipment

Speakers & headphones

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Power Generation

Electric generators & motors

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Navigation

Compasses & GPS systems

❓ Frequently Asked Questions

What is magnetism?

Magnetism is a fundamental force that arises from the motion of electric charges. At the atomic level, electrons orbiting nuclei and electron spin create magnetic dipoles. When these align in materials, we get permanent magnets!

How do magnets work?

Magnets work due to aligned magnetic domains in ferromagnetic materials. These domains contain billions of atoms with their magnetic moments pointing in the same direction, creating a strong overall magnetic field.

How strong is Earth's magnetic field?

Earth's magnetic field is generated by convection currents in the molten iron outer core. It ranges from 25-65 μT at the surface and protects us from harmful solar radiation by deflecting charged particles.

What do Maxwell's equations say about magnetism?

Maxwell's equations describe how electric and magnetic fields are generated and interact. The key equation for magnetism is ∇ × B = μ₀J + μ₀ε₀ ∂E/∂t, showing that magnetic fields are created by currents and changing electric fields.

How does an MRI machine use magnetic fields?

MRI machines use strong magnetic fields (1.5-3T) to align hydrogen atoms in your body. Radio waves then flip these atoms, and as they return to alignment, they emit signals that create detailed images of soft tissues.

📊 Quick Reference

Key Constants

μ₀ = 4π×10⁻⁷ H/m
μB = 9.274×10⁻²⁴ J/T
μN = 5.051×10⁻²⁷ J/T

Unit Conversions

1 T = 10⁴ G

1 Wb = 10⁸ Mx

1 A/m = 4π×10⁻³ Oe

Typical Field Strengths

Earth: 25-65 μT

MRI: 1.5-3 T

Neutron star: 10⁸ T

🧮 Advanced Calculators

Solenoid Field

Force Between Magnets

🔬 Material Properties

Iron (pure) μᵣ = 200,000

Nickel μᵣ = 600

Silicon Steel μᵣ = 4,000

Mu-metal μᵣ = 100,000

Copper μᵣ = 0.999991

Aluminum μᵣ = 1.000037

🧲 Magnetic Field & Magnetism Converter